The first bit (8G/3/16) reads "8 gauge and three-sixteenths of an inch". This is a 'butted' spoke which has two different diameters. The thick part is 3/16 of an inch, or 0.1875 inches in diameter. The rest of the spoke is Imperial Wire Gauge No.8, which has a diameter of 0.1600 inches. That's equivalent to 4.76mm and 4.06mm respectively.
The second bit is normally written as 8-5/8, indicating “8 and five-eights of an inch” or 8.625 inches, and is the nominal length of the spoke. Metric equivalent is 219.1mm.
Sorry about that, it's just the way Britain used to do things in the past!
It's not amazing Hans, the generation that was taught to do mental arithmetic using British weights, measures and currency could navigate by dead reckoning and calculate ranges without a second thought. Things like artillery predictors were hardly necessary !
It's all in the past now that the European Union has succesfully torn us away from our roots and cultural heritage.
I'm with Rik on this one. All that mental dexterity needed to cope with fractions of inches, 'thou', Imperial and Birmingham wire gauges and the like (and let's not mention grains/ounces/pounds/stones/hundredweights, or 12 pence to the shilling and 21 shillings to the guinea, and so on and so on) can only have but made us strong! Or so confused that everything else just had to be easy.
The EEC hasn't worked out 'Metric' time yet ..though they have managed to multiply the rules by a thousand ...and if you examine Metric thread systems in detail they are nearly as complicated as the Imperial system. You can't have multiple applications with a single thread form. Also within the Imperial system the inch is divided into 1000, 100,10 etc...so it is Imperial and Metric.. ....Ian